What is the best reference electrode choice when recording in suspected temporal lobe epilepsy?

The choice of reference electrode in EEG recordings is crucial for accurately capturing the brain's electrical activity, especially in instances of suspected temporal lobe epilepsy. The correct choice of reference electrode for this condition is the one closest to the area of interest, which is the temporal lobe.

When considering the options, one of the primary factors in selecting a reference electrode is the anatomical location and the ability to minimize unrelated electrical activity from other brain regions. With temporal lobe epilepsy, it is beneficial to use a reference electrode that is located on the midline or close to the region of interest to enhance the recording of epileptiform discharges originating from the temporal lobes.

The electrode position labeled as Cz (central midline) is somewhat centrally located and allows for a reasonable balance of electrical activity from both hemispheres, provided that the temporal regions are actively involved. This can help in detecting lateralized abnormalities that might correlate with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Using reference electrodes placed at A1, Fz, or Pz would likely introduce more variability and 'noise' from other regions, which can obscure the electrical activity generated by the temporal lobes. Therefore, Cz is the most appropriate choice as it strikes a balance in recording while allowing potential pathological activity to