Which type of therapy utilizes brain's electrical activity to treat depression?

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a type of therapy that utilizes the brain's electrical activity to treat depression. This non-invasive procedure involves the use of magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain, specifically targeting areas associated with mood regulation, such as the prefrontal cortex. By applying short bursts of magnetic pulses through a coil placed on the scalp, TMS can modulate neuronal activity, leading to improvements in depressive symptoms for some patients.

TMS is recognized for its ability to induce changes in brain activity without the need for anesthesia or the significant side effects often associated with more invasive treatments. The therapy typically involves multiple sessions, and while it may not be effective for everyone, it has been a valuable option for individuals who do not respond well to traditional antidepressant medications.

In contrast, other therapies listed have different mechanisms and uses. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves electrical stimulation of the brain to produce controlled seizures, which can be effective for severe depression but operates through a different method. Functional imaging therapy, while related to brain activity, is primarily used for diagnostic purposes rather than treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) focuses on altering negative thought patterns and behaviors through talk therapy rather than direct interaction with brain activity.